What type of data collection method includes surveys and focus groups?

The collection method that encompasses surveys and focus groups primarily falls under qualitative data. This is because qualitative data collection methods aim to gather in-depth insights and understandings about perceptions, experiences, and motivations from participants. Surveys, particularly when they include open-ended questions, enable participants to provide detailed responses that reflect their thoughts and feelings, while focus groups facilitate discussions that can reveal diverse viewpoints and group dynamics.

Quantitative data collection methods, on the other hand, focus on obtaining measurable and statistically analyzable data, often using closed-ended questions that yield numerical results. Archival data refers to pre-existing data collected for other purposes, which can be qualitative or quantitative, but does not specifically include methods like surveys or focus groups.

Though it's possible to obtain both qualitative and quantitative data through various means, the correct identification of surveys and focus groups squarely aligns with qualitative data collection methods, making this the viable choice in the context given.